Which scientist independently developed a theory of evolution and believed in transmutation of species (one develops into another)?

Which scientist independently developed a theory of evolution and believed in transmutation of species (one develops into another)?

• A. Alfred Wallace
• B. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
• C. Charles Darwin
• D. Gregor Mendel

Answer: (A)

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck. He independently proposed a theory of evolution and is best known for the idea of transmutation of species—the notion that one form can gradually change into another over time. Lamarck argued that organisms adapt to their environment through use and disuse of organs, producing acquired traits that could be passed on to offspring. Over many generations, these inherited changes could lead to new species. This emphasis on evolution through transformation of lineages and inheritance of acquired characteristics distinguishes Lamarck’s view from the others listed. Alfred Wallace contributed to evolution through natural selection, but the term transmutation of species is most closely associated with Lamarck. Mendel focused on genetics and inheritance patterns, not on a theory of how species transform.

Jean-Baptiste Lamarck. He independently proposed a theory of evolution and is best known for the idea of transmutation of species—the notion that one form can gradually change into another over time. Lamarck argued that organisms adapt to their environment through use and disuse of organs, producing acquired traits that could be passed on to offspring. Over many generations, these inherited changes could lead to new species. This emphasis on evolution through transformation of lineages and inheritance of acquired characteristics distinguishes Lamarck’s view from the others listed. Alfred Wallace contributed to evolution through natural selection, but the term transmutation of species is most closely associated with Lamarck. Mendel focused on genetics and inheritance patterns, not on a theory of how species transform.